In the preceding edition of this series, Chiaraviglio ([1], p. 384) concludes his contribution on biology and philosophy by indicating two hopes for the next decade: that more researchers take up philosophy of biology as a full-time activity and that biology play a greater role in this work than it has in the past. To some extent, Chiaraviglio's hopes have been realized. During the past ten years, numerous books and anthologies have appeared which are devoted exclusively to the philosophy of biology, and biology as a scientific discipline plays a greater role in these works than it did in their predecessors ([2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10] ,[11] ; see also Hull [12], [13] and Kleiner [14] forreviews).