For the three years 1929 through 1931 Zermelo was supported by a fellowship provided by the Notgemeinschaft der Deutschen Wissenschaft, the Emergency Association of German Science. This association was founded in 1920 by the leading German academies and scientific organizations in order to avert a collapse of research in the economically disastrous time after the First World War. With a Swiss pension meager and inadequate, Zermelo had in 1929 applied for the fellowship with a research project "On the Nature and Foundations of Pure and Applied Mathematics and the Significance of the Infinite in Mathematics", and surely the fellowship was a significant factor in his return to the fray of foundational work. s1930d was a report, dated 3 December 1930, to the Notgemeinschaft for the continuation of the fellowship into 1931.