In a constantly changing global competitive world, it is crucial for organizations to understand their proper role. The global business environment has increased in complex trades between players as boundaries break down. In order to obtain competitive advantages from this environment, managers simply assume that their organization needs to go global. But these misconceptions and narrow views about globalization can lead managers to seek something that they do not really know what it is. Despite the importance of small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), the question of the owner-manager's job is generally handled intuitively and disassociated to their characteristics. This chapter examines the relationship between globalization and the SME owner-manager's job, with a focus in developing economies. Based on a theoretic review, an attempt has been made to show a snapshot of the subject through a systematic mapping study. The results of this theoretic review enhance the importance to analyze the owner-manager's job at a SME perspective and its multiple parts and layers, such as specificities, personal characteristics, and previous experience of his/her owner-manager. An understanding of SME owner-manager's job can help practitioners to better assess the SME's readiness to go global.