Adorno carried on his search for a changed concept of dialectic by criticising sociology. The various non-dialectical notions of "constitutive subjectivity', or denials of subjectivity at the epistemological level in sociology display the same inability discerned in philosophy to apprehend the way in which the social process "constitutes' any cognition of society. At the more substantive level, Adorno sought to show that only a theory based on the critique of such sociology could understand the way in which specific social processes constitute the individual. This theory was not to be sociological in the narrow sense of a strict empiricism, nor in any sense which would forsake those themes also essential for an adequate conception of "the subject' and which Adorno considered to be intrinsically philosophical, such as, "totality', "nature', and essence/appearance. Hence Adorno not only exposed antinomies in theoretical and empirical sociology, but attempted himself to adumbrate a theory of the individual and social change, and to conduct empirical research. However, although this body of work is less oblique than most of his other work, the redefining of sociological concepts and theories and the empirical research is not as substantial as might be expected from its status as complementary to the critique of philosophy on the one hand, and to the sociology of art, on the other.