In this chapter Grabbe contrasts the rationale for using the true experiment or a quasi-experiment method in a research design based on several of his studies. He clearly holds a positivist ideology. The unit of analysis in his research strategy was the treatment or preexisting condition for the nonequivalent groups. The level of analysis was group in these designs and the focus was between-groups rather than within-group. The heavy use of a priori factors from his literature review would suggest a deductive purpose with a generalization target to similar groups in business and management.