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International Studies in Phenomenology and Philosophy

Book | Chapter

176653

Necessity and chance

the metaphysical dilemma

Chris Osegenwune

pp. 57-68

Abstract

This paper critically examines the old metaphysical problem of chance and necessity as they relate to change. Have you ever sat down and thought about chance and necessity as contending forces in human lives? If you have been bothered by such a thought, then, you would have probably known that these forces hit us from every side. This paper argues that we live in a world that is more vulnerable to the vicissitudes of the contending forces of necessity and chance. The consequences of chance and necessity in human affairs manifest in an endless variety of forms. Some darken, frustrate and complicate our existence, confound our plans and prevent us from actualizing our cherished ambitions. Others illuminate our lives and instill in us the expectation of hope, confidence, a bright future and happiness. The basic question now is: What is chance and what is necessity? Necessity in general implies what is bound to occur and occurs in nature or society under specific conditions. Necessity is always expressed in the objective laws of nature and society. On the other hand, chance is taken to mean that which might or might not happen. This position makes chance stand on a causal dependence. The metaphysical world where we live is ruled by possibilities and probabilities thereby making chance and necessity inevitable. It is on this ground that the paper submits that there is nothing that necessarily must occur and nothing that might not occur. Anything, or any event, however incredible may occur or may not occur. From this viewpoint, nothing is impossible, everything appears to be dependent on chance thereby giving little room to necessity.

Publication details

Published in:

Muhtaroglu Nazif, Quintern Detlev (2014) Islamic philosophy and occidental phenomenology in dialogue: the logos of life and cultural interlacing. Dordrecht, Springer.

Pages: 57-68

DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-7902-0_6

Full citation:

Osegenwune Chris (2014) „Necessity and chance: the metaphysical dilemma“, In: N. Muhtaroglu & D. Quintern (eds.), Islamic philosophy and occidental phenomenology in dialogue, Dordrecht, Springer, 57–68.